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Swordtail

Wild Swordtails are found from southern Mexico and down to Guatemala in Central America. The name Swordtail is derived from the body of the male Swordtail. The bottom ray of his caudal fin is extended, and points out from the body like a sword. The female Swordtail is without sword, and she can also be distinguished from the male by her more rounded body shape. Today you choose between red, black, green, albino and even neon coloured Swordtails since Swordtails have been extensively bred in captivity during many years. You can also choose between a lot of different Swordtail types, such as the Red Simpson, the Spotted Swordtail, the Gold tux Swordtail and the fanciful Lyretail.

Danionella dracula

One of the evolutionary peculiarities of my favorite lab animal, the zebrafish, and of cypriniform fishes in general, is that they lack teeth. They lost them over 50 million years ago, and don't even form a dental lamina in development. So this photo of a cypriniform, Danionella dracula, gave me a bit of a start beyond just the nice fangs and the ghoulish name.
The story doesn't give much detail, but I'm going to have to look into this. Those are not true teeth, but spiny outgrowths of bone directly from the jaws.

Ghostshark (hydrolagus melanophasma)

A new ghostshark species has been identified off the coast of Southern California, and

it’s darker and weirder than any shark we know.

The purplish black ancient relative of the modern shark comes packed with a suite of odd features that give its taxonomical family the name chimaera, after the mythical beast made from the parts of many animals.

“It’s a big weird looking freaky thing,” said ichthyologist Doug Long of the California Academy of Sciences. “They have some shark characteristics and they have some that are very non-shark.”

Perhaps the most intriguing feature of the newly described species, Hydrolagus melanophasma, is a presumed sexual organ that extends from its forehead called a tentaculum.

“They have this club on the top of their head with spikes. People think it’s used for mating,” Long said. “It’s like a little mace with little spikes and hooks and it fits into their forehead. It’s jointed and it comes out. We’re not sure if it is used to stimulate the female or hold the female closer.”

Fish That Can Live on Land

Australia has long battled with all sorts of harmful, invasive species--and wildlife authorities are concerned that they may soon be facing a new threat from what may be one of meanest-looking of unwelcome guests. The culprit is a particularly troublesome creature called the Snakehead fish, which is able to breath air, allowing it to travel on land to find prey or migrate. Also known by the perhaps more fitting moniker "Fishzilla," the invasive fish has been discovered in parts of Oceania, and it may be only a matter of time until it makes its way to the Australian mainland.

According to a report in The Cairns Post, Snakehead fish have already been discovered on the southern coast of the neighboring island to the north, Papua New Guinea. The fish can grow up to three feet in length and are known to eat water birds, snakes and rodents. Snakehead fish are able to venture out of the water in search of prey which it devours whole.

Indonesia's psychedelic fish named a new species

JAKARTA, Indonesia -- A funky, psychedelic fish that bounces on the ocean floor like a rubber ball has been classified as a new species, a scientific journal reported. The frogfish - which has a swirl of tan and peach zebra stripes that extend from its aqua eyes to its tail - was initially discovered by scuba diving instructors working for a tour operator a year ago in shallow waters off Ambon island in eastern Indonesia.
The operator contacted Ted Pietsch, lead author of a paper published in this month's edition of Copeia, the journal of the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, who submitted DNA work identifying it as a new species.
The fish - which the University of Washington professor has named "psychedelica" - is a member of the antennariid genus, Histiophryne, and like other frogfish, has fins on both sides of its body that have evolved to be leg-like.
But it has several behavioral traits not previously known to the others, Pietsch wrote.
Each time the fish strike the seabed, for instance, they push off with their fins and expel water from tiny gill openings to jet themselves forward. That, and an off-centered tail, causes them to bounce around in a bizarre, chaotic manner.

Jellyfish

The transparency of the jellyfish teaches the inner source within each of us. We have an enormous amount of power within us to draw upon. We can turn on the light even in the depths of darkness through the wisdom the jellyfish. It often shows up just when you believe there is no hope left.

The jellyfish sting symbolizes that even the most vulnerable has the ability to shield and protect itself from outside influences. The jellyfish is an electrifying totem. It offers a spark to energize and illuminate. Powerful!

source:http://healing.about.com

Transparent fish

The icefishes (or white-blooded fishes) are a family (Channichthyidae) of perciform fish found in the cold waters around Antarctica and southern South America.

Their blood is transparent because they have no hemoglobin and/or only defunct erythrocytes. Their metabolism relies only on the oxygen dissolved in the liquid blood, which is believed to be absorbed directly through the skin from the water. This works because water can dissolve the most oxygen when it is coldest. In five species, the gene for myoglobin in the muscles has also vanished, leaving them with white instead of pink hearts.


source:http://en.wikipedia.org

Amphiprion nigripes - Maldive anemonefish

Amphiprion nigripes, also known as the Blackfinned anemonefish or Maldives anemonefish, is a clownfish of the genus Amphiprion.

Description

This clownfish is characterized by its rusty, orange color with a single white stripe running vertically just behind the eye. It can attain a maximum length of 4.3in. (11 cm).

Habitat

The Blackfinned Anemonefish is found in the Western Indian Ocean among the coral reefs of the Maldive Islands and Sri Lanka. It is often associated with the magnificant sea anemone, and typically lives in small groups.

Amphiprion tricinctus - Three-band anemonefish

The three-band anemonefish, Amphiprion tricinctus, is a type of clownfish found near the Marshall Islands and in the western part of the Pacific Ocean. They can be found in lagoons around 3 to 40 m deep. They can grow to be about 5 inches long and can be found in anemone such as the bubble-tip anemone, Entacmaea quadricolor.

In the aquarium

Like many other clownfish, three-band anemonefish can be aggressive as they grow. For an aquarium, a minimum of 20-gallons is recommended.

Amphiprion ephippium-Red saddleback anemonefish

The red saddleback anemonefish, Amphiprion ephippium, also known as the saddle anemonefish, is a clownfish that lives in the Indo-Pacific area. They are considered small even for a clownfish, but are very aggressive toward other animals, especially to other types of clownfish.

They can grow up to be an average maximum of 5 inches. The minimum aquarium tank capacity is 30 gallons, and they should be fed chopped shrimp and frozen herbivore preparations.

Found in the genus Amphiprion, they are most closely related to organisms in the genus Abudefduf, within the family Pomacentridae. Within the sub-order Labroidae, identified by their possession of a specialized Pharyngeal Jaw apparatus, they are more closely related to families Embiotocidae and Cichlidae than Labridae.

Example of an analogous structure:

The Pharyngeal Jaw is found in generalized percomorph fish. The upper and lower "pharyngeal jaw" are found within the throat of the fish, and transport food into the oesophagus, while the oral jaws collect and crush the food. the families of Pomacentridae, Embiotocidae, Cichlidae and Labridae, however, possess a modified form of the pharyngeal jaw, know as the Pharyngeal Jaw Apparatus (PJA), that took on the task of crushing the food from the oral jaws, allowing them to diversify into different food collecting modes. This resulted in the four families to be placed together in the sub-order Labroidei, due to the uniqueness of the structure. However, due to recent comparisons of 78 whole mitochondrial genome sequences from a variety of perciforms and other species with similar characteristics, (the group known as Percomorpha), it was found that organisms in the family Labridae did not share a common ancestor that possessed the PJA with the other three families, including Pomacentridae. The PJA, therefore, must have evolved twice independently in the history of Percomorpha. Since the PJA performs similar functions and has a similar structure in family Labridae and Pomacentridae (and, by extension, organisms in family Pomacentridae, i.e. Red Saddleback Anemonefish) this is a prime example of an analogous structure.

Example of a homologous structure:

It is commonly thought by biologists that the similarities between the underlying structure of bird wings and fish fins are homologous. The internal structure of bird wings and fish fins are very similar, though these appendages are used for different purposes. The red Saddleback Anemonefish's pectoral fins are stretches of webbing between long spines, which attach to pectoral muscles and are used to stop and control the fish's movement well when swimming. The spines are like the central lines of a feather, for example, like those found in the wing of a field sparrow, Spizella pusilla.
wikipedia

Amphiprion frenatus - Tomato clownfish

Tomato clownfish
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The tomato clownfish, Amphiprion frenatus, is a clownfish that is found in the waters of the Western Pacific, from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, to Malaysia and Indonesia. It is also known as the bridled clownfish, red clownfish, or tomato anemonefish.

The adult fish is bright orange-red, with one white vertical stripe just behind the eyes, joined over the head. Some varieties have darker coloration or dark spots on their flanks. Juveniles are a darker red, with three vertical white bands and black pectoral fins.

They can grow to 14 cm (5.5 in) in length, however the female is usually larger than the male. The eggs are deposited on a flat surface and tended by the pair until they hatch (6 to 11 days). They prefer to nestle in purple anemones such as the bubble-tip anemone, Entacmaea quadricolor, or the Sebae anemone, Heteractis crispa.

In the aquarium

As a pet, an aquarium of at least 25 gallons is necessary, however, larger is recommended for this fish to have ample room for maneuvering. A quarantine tank is suggested prior to introduction into the main tank as it helps to rid the Tomato Clownfish of saltwater-borne diseases. This species of fish thrives well even without a host anemone, and will eat most meat or vegetable food preparations. It has been reported to be aggressive and territorial when mature, and specimens have been known to be extremely aggressive even towards clownfish of other species. For this reason, it is best kept singly or in mated pairs; but some claim that it will cohabit with other clownfish varieties if they are introduced at the same time[citation needed]. The Tomato Clownfish is easy to breed; the fry can be fed on baby brine shrimp and rotifers.

Amphiprion chrysopterus - Orange-fin anemonefish

The orange-fin anemonefish or orange-fin clownfish, Amphiprion chrysopterus, is a clownfish, found in the Western Pacific north of the Great Barrier Reef from the surface to 20 m. It can grow to 16 cm in length.

It feeds on mainly zooplankton and algae.

it changes colors.The tail fins can go from orange to yellow. The main belly can go from brown to black. The stripes can go from blue to white. And the tail fin is always white.
wikipedia

Amphiprion rubacinctus - Australian clownfish

Australian clownfish

The Australian clownfish (Amphiprion rubrocinctus), also known as the Red Anemonefish, is a type of clown fish found in tropical seas of Australia

Premnas biaculeatus - Maroon clownfish

White Stripe Maroon Clown Fish - Premnas biaculeatus: The Maroon Clownfish, also known as the Spine-Cheeked Anemonefish or Maroon Anemonefish, has a bold, red body color with a broad white stripe on the forehead, and white stripes on its midsection and in front of the anal fin. The Yellowstripe Maroon Clownfish is similar to the Maroon Clownfish except it has yellow stripes on the forehead, midsection, and tail, instead of white. They are strikingly beautiful, with the trademark spine on their cheeks. As juveniles, the Yellowstripe Maroon Clowns will have white stripes that will gradually turn yellow as they mature.

All the other 26 known Clownfish species belong to the genus Amphiprion, but the Maroon Clownfish belongs to the genus Premnas. Both Amphiprion and Premnas are included in the family Pomacentridae, a family that also includes the Damselfish species.

A 30 gallon or larger aquarium is desirable for the Maroon Clownfish as is a host anemone such as the Bubble Tip Anemone (Entacmaea quadricolor). It is aggressive towards other clownfish.

Tank raised clownfish are very hardy and durable fish making them a perfect addition for the novice or seasoned aquarist. If introduced to the aquarium at the same time, many varieties of tank raised clowns can be maintained together in the aquarium.

Do not move the Maroon Clownfish with a net as its cheekspines will become entangled. Use a specimen container if capture is necessary.

The Maroon Clownfish likes frozen shrimp and herbivore preparations. Because of its spines, this clownfish should not be caught using a net in case the spines get entangled. The stripes across the body are normally white, but can also be golden. The female is usually larger than the male, and the male is usually a deeper color red, although this is not true for every set of maroon clowns.

The Maroon Clownfish is a popular aquarium species and it is not very difficult to keep if you known how to keep a basic saltwater aquarium. It is a very beautiful fish and will look stunning in any aquarium set up. The entire body is maroon red and decorated with three very distinct white stripes; one on the forehead, one on the midsection and one just in front of the anal fin.

The Maroon Clownfish can be aggressive, especially towards other Clownfish regardless of species. Housing it with other Clownfish is therefore unadvisable unless you have a very large and well decorated aquarium. A male and a female can however do well together if they are compatible. The Maroon Clownfish will usually only display severe aggressive behavior toward non-clownfish species if a fish tries to venture into the territory claimed by the Maroon Clownfish. Since the Maroon Clownfish is a predator, it should naturally not be kept with fish that is small enough to be considered pray.

Social Behaviors: The Maroon Clownfish is generally easy to keep.

Habitat: The Maroon Clownfish, is a type of clownfish that are found in the eastern Indian Ocean, from Malaysia to Queensland.

Maximum Size: They can grow up to be about 16 centimeters (6. 3 inches), and as they grow, they get more aggressive to other clownfish. They are also known as the Spine-Cheeked Clownfish, or the Maroon Anemonefish.

Minimum Tank Size: They are suggested to have a 30-gallon tank. It normally likes to have a host anemone such as the Bubble Tip Anemone.

Feeding and Diet: The Maroon Clownfish diet consists of meaty items such as frozen shrimp and herbivore preparations. They feed all kinds of live, frozen, and flake foods. Best to feed small amounts several times a day. In a reef situation they don't really need to be fed very often at all.

source:http://www.freshmarine.com

Amphiprion bicinctus-Red Sea clownfish

Red Sea clownfish

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Red Sea (or two-banded) clownfish (or anemonefish') (Amphiprion bicinctus, meaning "both sawlike with two stripes") is a clownfish of the family Pomacentridae.

Description

Length up to 14 cm, background colour yellow-orange with two black-edged white bands.

Distribution

Western Indian Ocean, the Red Sea, and the Chagos archipelago.

Habitat

Monogamous pairs inhabit host anemones, usually on coral reefs. Host species include Entacmaea quadricolor, Heteractis aurora, Heteractis crispa, Heteractis magnifica, and Stichodactyla gigantea.

Amphiprion polymnus - Saddleback clownfish

 Saddleback clownfish
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Image of an anemonefish. Identified as Amphiprion polymnas. Taken at Tasik Ria House reef, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.  

The saddleback clownfish, Amphiprion polymnas, also known as the saddleback anemonefish is a member of the family Pomacentridae.

Appearance
Saddleback clownfish come in a number of melanistic varieties. Color can range from black to dark brown to orange with two or three thick white bars. One is located just behind its eyes. The other is found in the middle of the fish's body and in some varieties there is a third bar on the caudal peduncle (pictured in taxobox). Can reach a maximum length of 12 cm.

Habitat
The saddleback clownfish can be found in the eastern Indian and Pacific oceans. It lives in anemones and rocky areas. When kept in a tank, the species requires rocky hiding places and at least 30 gallons of salt water.

Diet
This fish is an omnivore. It eats algae as well as small crustaceans. If it is kept as a pet, it should be fed three times per day.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saddleback_clownfish